HIV is a virus. It stands for Human Immuno-deficiency Virus.
After transmission, the virus multiplies in the blood. It also spreads to other body fluids such as semen or vaginal fluid.
HIV can be very dangerous. Without treatment and medication, HIV will weaken and damage the body’s immune system. The immune system refers to a series of defence mechanisms in the body. It fights pathogens. It also recognises faulty cells in the body. The immune system can then destroy these cells.
HIV weakens the defence system of the body. It stops the immune system from working properly. Therefore, the defence mechanisms of the body cannot help it very well in fighting pathogens or faulty cells.
Without treatment and medication, an HIV infection will make the affected person very sick. Over time, HIV will damage the immune system more and more. Almost all people develop severe disease after some years. This disease is called AIDS. If left untreated, AIDS will lead to death.
But the good news is this: there is effective medication against HIV.